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Updated: Feb 22, 2026
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
Published on: April 26, 2024
Innovations in Practice: The relationship betweensleep disturbances, depression, and interpersonal functioning in
Eleanor L McGlinchey1, Jazmin A Reyes-Portillo1, J Blake Turner1
1Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1051 Riverside Drive Box 78, New York, NY, USA.
Background:
Sleep disturbance is frequently comorbid with depression and sleep complaints are the most common residual symptoms after treatment among adolescents with depression. The present analyses investigated the effect of sleep disturbance in depressed adolescents treated with Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Adolescents (IPT-A) versus Treatment as Usual (TAU) in school-based mental health clinics.
Method:
63 adolescents participated in a randomized clinical trial of IPT-A versus TAU for adolescent depression. Participants were diagnosed with a DSM-IV depressive disorder and assessed for symptoms of depression, interpersonal functioning and sleep disturbance. Measures were assessed at baseline, session 4 and 8 of treatment, and session 12 for post-acute treatment follow-up. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to model change in depression, interpersonal functioning and sleep disturbance.
Results:
Ongoing sleep disturbance was significantly associated with worse depression scores as rated by clinician (γ = 1.04, SE = 0.22, p < .001) and self-report (γ = 1.63, SE = 0.29, p < .001), as well as worse interpersonal functioning across the course of treatment (γ = 0.09, SE = 0.02, p < .001). Treatment condition did not predict change in sleep disturbance (γ = -0.13, SE = 0.14, p = ns).
Conclusions:
For all patients in the study, sleep disturbance was a predictor of depression and interpersonal functioning for depressed adolescents. Sleep disturbance predicted more depression and interpersonal stress across treatments and led to a slower improvement in depression and interpersonal functioning. This data suggests that sleep disturbance should be a target for future treatment development research among depressed adolescents.
