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Monitoring neonates for ototoxicity

Angela C Garinis1,2, Alison Kemph3, Anne Marie Tharpe3

  • 1a Oregon Hearing Research Center, Otolaryngology , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA.

International Journal of Audiology
|September 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants face higher risks of hearing loss due to factors like infections and ototoxic drugs. Current screening methods are insufficient, necessitating improved protocols for early detection and management of drug-induced hearing impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Audiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have a higher risk of permanent hearing loss than healthy infants.
  • Associated factors include congenital infections, ototoxic medications, low birth weight, hypoxia, and extended hospital stays.
  • The precise causes of this increased hearing loss prevalence are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current practices for screening and monitoring hearing loss in NICU neonates.
  • To discuss the feasibility of developing enhanced ototoxicity screening and monitoring protocols.
  • To identify acquired, drug-induced hearing loss in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of existing published literature on neonatal hearing loss and ototoxicity.
  • Analysis of current audiological screening and monitoring protocols in NICU settings.
  • Evaluation of evidence-based research for protocol development.

Main Results:

  • Current audiological screening and monitoring protocols are inadequate for detecting early-onset ototoxicity in neonates.
  • Existing protocols do not sufficiently address the risks associated with ototoxic drug exposure in NICU infants.
  • There is a clear need for improved methods to identify drug-induced hearing damage.

Conclusions:

  • Improved ototoxicity screening and monitoring protocols are essential for NICU neonates.
  • Recommendations are provided for developing and implementing effective protocols before and after hospital discharge.
  • Proactive monitoring can help mitigate the risk of permanent hearing loss in infants exposed to ototoxic substances.
Abstract

Keywords:
Newborn hearing screeninganatomy and physiologyconditions/pathology/disorderspaediatric

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