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Development and Characterization of a Parallelizable Perfusion Bioreactor for 3D Cell Culture.

Dominik Egger1, Monica Fischer2, Andreas Clementi3

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria. dominik.egger@boku.ac.at.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel bioreactor system for parallel three-dimensional (3D) stem cell cultivation. The system enables precise control over mechanical environments, advancing regenerative medicine applications.

Keywords:
3D cell culturecomputational fluid dynamicsdynamic cultivationfluid shear stressperfusion bioreactor system

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biotechnology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) stem cell cultivation is crucial for regenerative medicine.
  • Existing bioreactor systems lack the capacity for parallel cultivation under diverse conditions with controlled mechanical environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a miniaturized, parallelizable perfusion bioreactor system for independent sample cultivation.
  • To enable comprehensive control over the mechanical environment during 3D cell culture.
  • To assess the impact of varying flow and shear stress profiles on stem cell differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a perfusion bioreactor system with two distinct chambers.
  • Integration of pressure sensors for biomaterial permeability and shear stress approximation.
  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis for flow velocity and shear stress profiling.
  • Characterization of mixing behavior using residence time distribution analysis.

Main Results:

  • CFD analysis provided predictable relative comparisons of bioreactor geometries.
  • Shear stress calculations aided in understanding mechanical stimuli on cells.
  • The system demonstrated effectiveness in parallel dynamic cultivation of multiple samples.
  • Proof-of-concept study showed effects of different flow profiles on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bioreactor system facilitates parallel dynamic cultivation of multiple samples in 3D cell culture.
  • CFD and shear stress data are valuable for comparing bioreactor designs but not for determining optimal flow rates.
  • The system offers enhanced control over the mechanical environment for stem cell applications in regenerative medicine.