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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Beam Generation and Manipulation

    Background:

    • Spiral zone plates are optical elements used for generating vortex beams.
    • Conventional spiral zone plates can suffer from significant unwanted diffraction orders, complicating applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel optical element, the single-focus spiral zone plate (SFSZP).
    • To enable the generation of a single-focus vortex beam with suppressed diffraction.

    Main Methods:

    • Modifying the transmittance function of spiral zone plates to be sinusoidal in the azimuthal direction.
    • Introducing a two-parameter modified sinusoidal apodization window to control transmittance.
    • Theoretical analysis and experimental validation of the SFSZP performance.

    Main Results:

    • The third-order diffraction light intensity of SFSZPs is reduced by over three orders of magnitude compared to conventional spiral zone plates.
    • Experimental results confirm the single-focus characteristics and desired vortex beam generation.
    • Demonstrated suppression of unwanted diffraction orders.

    Conclusions:

    • SFSZPs are effective for generating single-focus vortex beams.
    • The novel design offers significant advantages in reducing diffraction, improving beam quality.
    • SFSZPs hold promise for applications in imaging, microscopy, and fundamental vortex beam research.