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Systemic inflammatory responses following welding inhalation challenge test.

Paula Kauppi1,2, Merja Järvelä3, Timo Tuomi3

  • 1University of Helsinki and Helsinki University (Central) Hospital, Respiratory Diseases and Allergology, Helsinki, Finland.

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|October 1, 2017
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Welding fume exposure caused mild systemic inflammation and respiratory changes in patients suspected of occupational asthma. Particle concentrations in breathing zones correlated with face shield measurements.

Keywords:
Chromium (PubMed CID: 23976)CytokinesExposureIron (PubMed CID: 23925)Manganese (PubMed CID: 23930)Mild steelNickel (PubMed CID: 935)Occupational asthmaStainless steelWelding

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Environmental Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Occupational asthma (OA) is a significant concern in welding professions.
  • Welding fumes contain particulate matter and various gases that can trigger respiratory and inflammatory responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inflammatory and respiratory effects of mild steel (MS) and stainless steel (SS) welding fume exposure.
  • To assess these effects in individuals with suspected occupational asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen patients underwent MS and SS welding challenge tests.
  • Analyzed plasma biomarkers (cytokines, CRP, lipids, etc.) and performed respiratory function tests (PEF, FEV1, exhaled NO).
  • Assessed personal particle exposure and particle size distribution.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in leukocytes, neutrophils, and platelets, with decreased hemoglobin and erythrocytes post-exposure.
  • Five patients diagnosed with OA showed significant FEV1 decline after SS exposure.
  • High particle concentrations were measured during both MS and SS welding.

Conclusions:

  • Exposure to MS and SS welding fumes induces a mild systemic inflammatory response.
  • Particle concentrations in breathing zones correlate with measurements inside welding face shields.