Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026
11:54
Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
Published on: January 21, 2018
The association between chronic rhinosinusitis, bronchiectasis and type 2 inflammation: an EMBARC registry analysis
Michal Shteinberg1,2, Charles S Haworth3, Jennifer Pollock4
1Pulmonology Institute, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
ERJ Open Research
|July 14, 2026
Summary
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is common in bronchiectasis, worsening symptoms. Type 2 inflammation markers link to CRS, but this connection depends on bronchiectasis cause, not appearing in primary ciliary dyskinesia or immune deficiency.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a frequent comorbidity in bronchiectasis.
- Previous research linked CRS in bronchiectasis to elevated type 2 biomarkers, suggesting an
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate CRS prevalence (with and without nasal polyposis) in bronchiectasis.
- To assess CRS impact on bronchiectasis outcomes.
- To explore the association between CRS and type 2 inflammatory biomarkers across different bronchiectasis etiologies.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the EMBARC bronchiectasis registry.
- Classified patients into no CRS, CRS without nasal polyposis (CRSnNP), or CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP).
- Employed regression models to analyze CRS effects on symptoms and outcomes, and multivariate models for type 2 biomarkers (blood eosinophil count, total IgE).
Main Results:
- Identified CRS in 20.9% (CRSnNP) and 7.3% (CRSwNP) of 16,640 bronchiectasis patients.
- CRSwNP and CRSnNP correlated with worse symptoms and more exacerbations, but fewer hospitalizations and lower mortality.
- Elevated type 2 biomarkers were observed with CRSwNP in idiopathic bronchiectasis, but not in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) or immune deficiency-related bronchiectasis.
Conclusions:
- CRS and nasal polyposis are significant comorbidities in bronchiectasis, linked to increased symptom burden and exacerbations.
- The association between elevated type 2 biomarkers and CRS in bronchiectasis is dependent on the underlying etiology.
- CRSwNP was independently associated with elevated type 2 biomarkers in multivariable analysis.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammation
01:28Asthma I: Introduction
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
01:26Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
01:23Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema
Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
01:25Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD: