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Exposure assessment of Bisphenol A intake from polymeric baby bottles in formula-fed infants aged less than one year
Zohreh Abdi Moghadam1, Maryam Mirlohi1, Hamidreza Pourzamani2
1Food Security Research Center, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Insights
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure from baby bottles poses a low risk to Iranian formula-fed infants. BPA levels detected were well below the tolerable daily intake, suggesting minimal adverse health effects in this population.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Pediatric Health
Background:
- Polycarbonate baby bottles can leach Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical with potential adverse effects.
- Concerns exist regarding BPA exposure in formula-fed infants, particularly in urban environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the risk of Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure in formula-fed infants in Isfahan, Iran.
- To quantify BPA leaching from baby bottles and estimate infant exposure levels.
Main Methods:
- Collected new, used, and BPA-free baby bottles from a retail outlet in Isfahan.
- Conducted migration tests to measure BPA leaching concentrations.
- Performed probabilistic exposure estimation through interviews with 200 mothers.
Main Results:
- BPA concentrations released from new and used bottles ranged from 0.49–8.58 μg/l and 0.63–2.47 μg/l, respectively.
- Most infants were exposed to 0.1–0.3 μg/kg body weight/day of BPA, representing 2–7.5% of the tolerable daily intake (t-TDI).
Conclusions:
- The estimated BPA exposure levels for formula-fed infants in Isfahan are significantly below the established tolerable daily intake.
- The risk of adverse effects from BPA exposure appears very low in this population, even under worst-case exposure scenarios.
Abstract:
BisphenolA (BPA) or 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanepresent in polycarbonate baby bottles may have harmful effects for formula-fed infants. This study evaluated the risks associated with exposure to BPA among Iranian formula-fed infants in an urban society in Isfahan. New and used baby bottles (n = 7 and 8, respectively) as well as BPA-free marked bottles (n = 2) were collected from a retail outlet, and leaching of BPA was examined by conducting a migration test. Concentrations of BPA released from the new and used baby bottles were in the range of 0.49⿿8.58 and 0.63⿿2.47 μg/l, respectively. Next, probabilistic exposure estimation was performed. In all, 200 mothers registered with 11 health centres in Isfahan were interviewed. Data on feeding pattern, washing and sterilization practices, bottles types and manufacturers as well as the sex and weight of the infants were collected using a questionnaire. The results showed that majority of the surveyed infants were exposed to 0.1⿿0.3 μg/kg body weight (bw)/d of BPA, which corresponded to approximately 2⿿7.5% of the defined t-TDI (4 μg/kgbw/d). These results suggested that the risk of the adverse effects caused by exposure to BPA was very low in formula-fed Iranian infants even in the worst-case scenario.
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