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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Advances in Food Allergy.

Christine B Franzese1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri Medical Center-Columbia, One Hospital Drive, MA314, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|October 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Food allergy diagnosis and treatment are evolving. New research explores immunotherapy options and prevention strategies, shifting clinical guidelines due to costs and risks.

Keywords:
BiomarkersComponent-resolved testingEpicutaneous immunotherapyFood allergyOral challengeOral immunotherapyPeanut allergySublingual immunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Rising prevalence of food allergies necessitates improved diagnostic accuracy.
  • Current standard treatment involves food elimination, but alternatives are emerging.
  • Healthcare costs and adverse reaction risks drive focus on prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in diagnosing true food allergies versus sensitivities.
  • To explore emerging immunotherapy treatments (oral, sublingual, epicutaneous).
  • To discuss the impact of cost and safety on food allergy prevention guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of diagnostic methods for food allergy.
  • Analysis of current and emerging food allergy treatment modalities.
  • Examination of recent guideline shifts concerning food allergy prevention.

Main Results:

  • Improved diagnostic tools are enhancing accuracy in identifying food allergies.
  • Immunotherapy options show promise as alternatives to strict avoidance.
  • Prevention strategies are increasingly emphasized in updated guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective food allergy management.
  • Novel immunotherapies offer potential for tolerance induction.
  • A proactive approach to prevention is reshaping clinical recommendations.