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Related Concept Videos

Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

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The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
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Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit01:17

Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit

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Consider designing an oscillator circuit, a crucial component in various electronic devices and systems. The objective is to create an oscillator circuit with specific characteristics: a damped natural frequency of 4 kHz and a damping factor of 4 radians per second. To accomplish this, a parallel RLC circuit is employed, known for its ability to sustain oscillations at a resonant frequency. In this case, the damping factor is pivotal in achieving the desired performance.
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Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

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Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:
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The property of an inductor makes it resist any change in the current passing through it, while the property of a capacitor is to build up the charge across its terminals. Hence, if an inductor and capacitor are connected in series, they have opposite effects on the relative phase between current and voltage. The current through the circuit undergoes forced oscillation at the frequency of the source. The resistance term in an R-L-C circuit acts as a damping term because power is dissipated...
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Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
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Activity is the measure of the effective concentration of the species in solution. It can be expressed as the product of the molar concentration of the species and its activity coefficient. The activity coefficient is a dimensionless quantity and depends on the total ionic strength of the solution.
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Author Spotlight: A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging
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Energy accommodation coefficient extracted from acoustic resonator experiments.

Felix Sharipov1, Michael R Moldover1

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A, Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films : an Official Journal of the American Vacuum Society
|October 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study derives the normal energy accommodation coefficient (NEAC) for helium and argon gases using acoustic resonance measurements. Results show NEAC varies significantly with gas type and surface, offering insights into gas-surface interactions.

Keywords:
Acoustic resonatornormal energy accommodation coefficientrarefied gastangential momentum accommodation coefficienttemperature jump coefficient

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics and Gas-Surface Interactions
  • Acoustic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Rarefied Gas Dynamics

Background:

  • The temperature jump coefficient (ζT) is crucial for understanding gas-surface interactions near boundaries.
  • Accurate determination of accommodation coefficients is essential for modeling heat and momentum transfer in rarefied gases.
  • Existing methods for determining these coefficients can be complex and require specialized equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive measurement-based values for the normal energy accommodation coefficient (NEAC).
  • To investigate the relationship between acoustic resonance frequencies and gas-surface accommodation coefficients.
  • To explore novel methods for independently determining tangential momentum accommodation coefficient (TMAC) and NEAC.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed acoustic resonance frequencies (facoust) in spherical cavities filled with helium and argon near ambient temperature.
  • Combined measured temperature jump coefficients (ζT) with literature TMAC data and the Cercignani-Lampis model.
  • Calculated NEAC values for helium and argon across various surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Derived NEAC values for helium ranging from 0 to 0.1.
  • Derived NEAC values for argon ranging from 0.61 to 0.85 at ambient temperature.
  • Demonstrated a significant difference in NEAC between helium and argon, indicating distinct gas-surface interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustic resonance measurements provide a viable route to determine NEAC.
  • NEAC is highly dependent on the gas species (helium vs. argon) and the nature of the interacting surface.
  • Proposed alternative experimental setups using cylindrical cavities or rotating discs could enable separate determination of TMAC and NEAC.