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Related Concept Videos

Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

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Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
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Bacterial Signaling01:30

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Biological Methods for Microbial Control01:28

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Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

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Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Antimicrobial Characterization of Advanced Materials for Bioengineering Applications
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Antimicrobial Peptides in Biomedical Device Manufacturing.

Martijn Riool1, Anna de Breij2, Jan W Drijfhout3

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|October 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Biomaterial-associated infections (BAI) are a major challenge. Synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a promising solution for preventing and treating BAI by being incorporated into medical devices, reducing infection risks and costs.

Keywords:
antimicrobial peptideantimicrobial resistancebiofilmbiomaterial-associated infectiondevice manufacturingimplant

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Biomaterial-associated infections (BAI) pose a significant threat in modern medicine despite advancements.
  • Conventional antibiotic treatments are often ineffective against biofilms and multidrug-resistant bacteria on medical devices.
  • Surgical removal of infected implants is frequently the only recourse, highlighting the need for novel prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel strategies for preventing and treating biomaterial-associated infections (BAI) using synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).
  • To explore the application of AMPs in biomedical device manufacturing to combat infections.
  • To discuss the potential of AMP-based technologies in developing safer and more effective antimicrobial medical devices.

Main Methods:

  • Surface modification of implants to enhance antimicrobial properties.
  • Immobilization of synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) onto medical device surfaces.
  • Development of controlled-release systems for AMPs from implant coatings.
  • Integration of AMPs into 3D-printed (additive manufactured) implants.

Main Results:

  • Four main strategies for preventing BAI using AMPs are presented, including surface modification, AMP immobilization, controlled release, and integration into 3D-printed devices.
  • AMPs demonstrate broad-spectrum activity against planktonic bacteria and biofilms, with a lower likelihood of resistance development.
  • The discussed strategies aim to overcome limitations of conventional treatments and reduce the incidence of device-associated infections.

Conclusions:

  • Synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising approach to combat biomaterial-associated infections (BAI).
  • Innovative manufacturing strategies, including surface functionalization and additive manufacturing, enable the development of effective antimicrobial medical devices.
  • These AMP-based technologies hold the potential to significantly reduce infection-related complications and healthcare costs.