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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme ID Polymorphism in Patients with Heart Failure Secondary to Chagas Disease
Silene Jacinto da Silva1, Salvador Rassi1, Alexandre da Costa Pereira2
1Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Insights
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism did not differ between heart failure patients and controls with Chagas disease. This genetic marker was not useful for identifying relationships with clinical manifestations in heart failure secondary to Chagas disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is implicated in blood pressure regulation and heart failure (HF).
- The role of ACE gene polymorphism in HF, particularly secondary to Chagas disease in Brazil, requires further investigation due to controversial findings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the distribution of ACE gene polymorphism (Insertion/Deletion) in patients with HF secondary to Chagas disease.
- To compare ACE polymorphism between Chagas disease patients with and without systolic dysfunction.
- To assess the association between ACE polymorphism and clinical variables in this population.
Main Methods:
- A comparative clinical study involving 193 participants (103 with HF secondary to Chagas disease, 90 with Chagas disease without systolic dysfunction).
- ACE gene polymorphism (I/D alleles) was identified using polymerase chain reaction and electrophoresis.
- Clinical data and demographic information were collected and analyzed.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant differences in the distribution of DD, ID, and II genotypes of ACE polymorphism were found between the HF and non-HF groups (p = 0.692).
- Clinical characteristics and I/D genotypes showed no significant differences between the groups.
- Age was significantly different between groups (p = 0.001), with a mean age of 62.5 years in the HF group.
Conclusions:
- ACE gene polymorphism (Insertion/Deletion) frequencies were similar in Chagas disease patients with and without heart failure.
- The ACE gene polymorphism did not prove useful as a biomarker for detecting relationships with clinical manifestations in HF secondary to Chagas disease.
Background:
Changes in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene may contribute to the increase in blood pressure and consequently to the onset of heart failure (HF). The role of polymorphism is very controversial, and its identification in patients with HF secondary to Chagas disease in the Brazilian population is required.
Objective:
To determine ACE polymorphism in patients with HF secondary to Chagas disease and patients with Chagas disease without systolic dysfunction, and to evaluate the relationship of the ACE polymorphism with different clinical variables.
Methods:
This was a comparative clinical study with 193 participants, 103 of them with HF secondary to Chagas disease and 90 with Chagas disease without systolic dysfunction. All patients attended the outpatient department of the General Hospital of the Federal University of Goias general hospital. Alleles I and D of ACE polymorphism were identified by polymerase chain reaction of the respective intron 16 fragments in the ACE gene and visualized by electrophoresis.
Results:
In the group of HF patients, 63% were male, whereas 53.6% of patients with Chagas disease without systolic dysfunction were female (p = 0,001). The time from diagnosis varied from 1 to 50 years. Distribution of DD, ID and II genotypes was similar between the two groups, without statistical significance (p = 0,692). There was no difference in clinical characteristics or I/D genotypes between the groups. Age was significantly different between the groups (p = 0,001), and mean age of patients with HF was 62.5 years.
Conclusion:
No differences were observed in the distribution of (Insertion/Deletion) genotype frequencies of ACE polymorphism between the studied groups. The use of this genetic biomarker was not useful in detecting a possible relationship between ACE polymorphism and clinical manifestations in HF secondary to Chagas disease.
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