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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

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γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

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Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

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Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
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Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Resting-State Connectivity and Neuroimaging of Prefrontal Cortex Activity During a Block-Design Yoga Asana Practice Using fNIRS
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Yoga for epilepsy.

Mariangela Panebianco1, Kalpana Sridharan, Sridharan Ramaratnam

  • 1Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Clinical Sciences Centre for Research and Education, Lower Lane, Liverpool, UK, L9 7LJ.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Yoga may help control seizures in epilepsy patients. However, current evidence is limited and of low quality, necessitating further high-quality research to confirm its effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Complementary and Alternative Medicine
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Yoga's potential benefits for epilepsy include relaxation and stress reduction, influencing neurological and autonomic systems.
  • The effectiveness of yoga as a therapeutic option for epilepsy requires rigorous scientific evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess yoga's efficacy in achieving seizure freedom in epilepsy patients.
  • To determine if yoga significantly reduces seizure frequency or duration.
  • To evaluate yoga's impact on the quality of life for individuals with epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing yoga with no treatment or other behavioral interventions.
  • Searched multiple databases including Cochrane, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and clinical trial registries up to January 2017.
  • Assessed outcomes such as seizure freedom, seizure frequency/duration, and quality of life.

Main Results:

  • Two unblinded trials with 50 participants (18 yoga, 32 control) were included; no new studies were identified for this update.
  • Preliminary analysis suggested potential benefits of yoga in seizure control compared to no intervention or sham yoga.
  • No significant difference was found between yoga and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT); quality of life data was limited and of low quality.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence is of low quality due to methodological limitations, including small sample sizes and lack of blinding.
  • No reliable conclusions can be drawn regarding yoga's efficacy for uncontrolled or refractory epilepsy.
  • Further high-quality research is essential to validate yoga's role in epilepsy management.