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ASSESSMENT OF RADIATION DOSE AND EXCESSIVE LIFE-TIME CANCER RISK FROM THE BUNAIR GRANITE, NORTHERN PAKISTAN.

A A Qureshi1, S Manzoor1, H Younis1

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Summary

Natural radioactivity in Bunair Granite was assessed for construction use. While generally safe for interior finishes like flooring and countertops, its use as a primary building material is not recommended due to radiation levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geology
  • Radiation Physics

Background:

  • Natural radioactivity in building materials is a significant factor in indoor radiation exposure.
  • Granite is a common construction material, necessitating assessment of its radiological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure natural radioactivity in Bunair Granite.
  • To evaluate its suitability for construction purposes by comparing it to global standards.
  • To assess potential health risks associated with its use.

Main Methods:

  • High-purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometry was used to quantify radionuclide concentrations.
  • Calculations of indoor and outdoor radiation indices were performed.
  • Excessive Life-Time Cancer Risk (ELCR) was estimated.

Main Results:

  • Average gamma activities: 52.41 Bq kg-1 for Radium-226 (226Ra), 58.41 Bq kg-1 for Thorium-232 (232Th), and 1130.12 Bq kg-1 for Potassium-40 (40K).
  • Average indoor ELCR was 3.49 × 10-3, and outdoor ELCR was 0.46 × 10-3.
  • Radioactivity levels suggest caution for widespread use as a basic building material.

Conclusions:

  • Bunair Granite exhibits radioactivity levels that warrant consideration for its application in construction.
  • It is deemed safe for specific applications such as flooring, building facings, and kitchen countertops.
  • Restricted use as a primary building material is advised based on the calculated radiation indices and cancer risk estimates.