Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

95.6K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.6K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

4.9K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
4.9K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

1.4K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
1.4K
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

3.8K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
3.8K
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

3.6K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
3.6K
Surveys02:16

Surveys

17.1K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
17.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From Past to Present: Examining the Associations Between Historical Racialized Housing Interventions and Current-Day Neighborhood-level Outcomes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities·2026
Same author

The social environment and cognitive aging over the life course: laying out critical concepts and research gaps.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Postsurgical Opioid Prescribing Among Injured Workers in Washington State: 2017-2020 Trends and Policy Effects.

American journal of industrial medicine·2026
Same author

Assessing the intergenerational impact of head start on offspring mental health in the United States.

Preventive medicine·2026
Same author

Stratification and accumulation? Explaining changing mortality inequities between business owners and non-owners in the U.S. (1984-2022).

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Unequal returns: how race, gender, and precarious employment shape the relationship between educational attainment and depressive symptoms in older American adults.

Aging & mental health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
05:18

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters

Published on: July 12, 2024

892

THE LONG-TERM DYNAMICS OF RACIAL/ETHNIC INEQUALITY IN NEIGHBORHOOD AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE, 1990-2009.

Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz1, Kyle Crowder2, Anjum Hajat3

  • 1Population Studies Center, University of Michigan.

Du Bois Review : Social Science Research on Race
|October 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Racial and ethnic minorities face higher pollution exposure, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10). These environmental disparities persist over time despite overall pollution reduction.

Keywords:
Air PollutionEnvironmental InequalityLongitudinal StudyMultilevel ModelNitrogen OxidesParticulate MatterRace and EthnicityRepeated Measures

More Related Videos

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

3.0K
Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
05:18

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters

Published on: July 12, 2024

892
Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

3.0K
Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Environmental Justice
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Racial/ethnic disparities in pollution exposure are often studied using cross-sectional data, limiting insights into trends and contextual factors.
  • Existing research highlights potential inequalities in environmental burdens across different demographic groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive assessment of racial/ethnic environmental inequality over time.
  • To analyze long-term trends in pollution exposure disparities using longitudinal data.

Main Methods:

  • Combined longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1990-2009) with detailed pollution and census data.
  • Utilized multilevel repeated measures models to analyze exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), PM2.5, and PM10.
  • Incorporated neighborhood-level pollution measures and metropolitan area characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Blacks and Latinos experience, on average, higher exposure levels to NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 compared to Whites.
  • Racial and ethnic disparities in pollution exposure have persisted despite overall declines in pollution nationwide.
  • These persistent disparities could not be fully explained by individual, household, or metropolitan-level factors.

Conclusions:

  • Longitudinal analysis reveals persistent racial/ethnic disparities in air pollution exposure.
  • Environmental inequalities are embedded within broader societal structures, extending beyond individual or local characteristics.
  • Further research is needed to address the root causes of persistent environmental injustice.