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Differential-Concentration Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy.

David Perry1, Ashley Page1, Baoping Chen1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, ‡MOAC Doctoral Training Centre, §School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.

Analytical Chemistry
|October 11, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differential concentration Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (ΔC-SICM) uses an ionic gradient for improved live cell imaging and surface analysis. This technique enhances measurements and enables new reaction mapping capabilities at surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Surface Science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (SICM) is a nanopipette-based technique for surface analysis.
  • Current SICM typically uses identical electrolyte solutions inside and outside the nanopipette.
  • This limits its application in sensitive biological imaging and surface measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and investigate a differential concentration mode of SICM (ΔC-SICM).
  • To demonstrate the benefits of creating an ionic concentration gradient at the nanopipette tip.
  • To enhance SICM for live cell imaging, surface charge measurements, and reaction mapping.

Main Methods:

  • Implementing a differential ionic concentration between the nanopipette and the bulk electrolyte.
  • Utilizing comprehensive finite element method (FEM) modeling to simulate SICM as an electrochemical cell.
  • Analyzing the influence of electroosmotic flow (EOF) in the ΔC-SICM configuration.

Main Results:

  • An ionic concentration gradient significantly reduces electric field strength, benefiting live cell imaging.
  • ΔC-SICM enhances surface charge measurements and enables simultaneous delivery and sensing for reaction mapping.
  • FEM modeling revealed a greater influence of EOF in ΔC-SICM compared to standard SICM modes.

Conclusions:

  • Differential concentration SICM (ΔC-SICM) offers significant advantages over standard SICM.
  • The technique provides enhanced capabilities for live cell imaging, surface analysis, and reaction mapping.
  • The developed FEM model offers a framework for quantitative ΔC-SICM studies and experimental optimization.