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[Cancer: three eras of personalized medicine]
1UMR 7268 ADÉS, Aix-Marseille, Université/EFS/CNRS, Espace éthique méditerranéen, hôpital d'adultes la Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France ; CoReBio PACA, case 901, parc scientifique de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France.
Abstract:
Since the completion of the first human DNA sequence, genomic approaches have penetrated into cancer research and therapy: first through expression profiling for diagnostic, prognostic and predictive purposes, then by sequencing of tumour DNA in order to define and apply targeted therapies. These overlapping changes occurred quite rapidly and are now overshadowed by immuno-oncology approaches that show much promise. There is however still much left to understand to make this more widely applicable, and the extreme cost of these therapies is a serious concern.
Insights
Genomic approaches have advanced cancer research and therapy, from diagnostics to targeted treatments. While promising, immuno-oncology faces challenges in applicability and high costs.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Cancer Therapeutics
Background:
- The advent of human DNA sequencing revolutionized cancer research.
- Genomic strategies evolved from expression profiling to tumor DNA sequencing for targeted therapies.
Observation:
- Cancer research has rapidly integrated genomic approaches.
- Immuno-oncology is emerging as a dominant, promising therapeutic strategy.
Findings:
- Genomic profiling aids in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection.
- Tumor DNA sequencing enables the development of targeted cancer therapies.
Implications:
- Immuno-oncology offers significant therapeutic potential but requires further understanding for broader application.
- The high cost of advanced cancer therapies remains a significant barrier to accessibility.