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Terahertz Detection and Imaging Using Graphene Ballistic Rectifiers.

Gregory Auton, Dmytro B But1, Jiawei Zhang

  • 1Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5221 , 34090 Montpellier, France.

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Summary

A novel graphene ballistic rectifier rectenna functions as a sensitive terahertz (THz) detector. This device achieves high responsivity and NEP at room temperature, enabling THz imaging applications.

Keywords:
GrapheneTHzballistic transportrectennarectifier

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state physics
  • Terahertz (THz) technology

Background:

  • Terahertz (THz) detectors are crucial for various applications, including imaging and sensing.
  • Graphene-based devices offer unique electronic properties for high-frequency applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a graphene ballistic rectifier as a rectenna for THz detection.
  • To optimize device performance using a local gate for Fermi level adjustment.
  • To evaluate the device's responsivity, noise equivalent power, and frequency response.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a graphene ballistic rectifier integrated with an antenna.
  • Utilized a small-area local gate to tune the Fermi level and optimize device output.
  • Characterized the device's electrical transport in n- and p-type regimes.
  • Measured responsivity, noise equivalent power (NEP), and frequency response up to 0.45 THz.
  • Demonstrated THz imaging of an optically opaque object at 0.685 THz.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a peak extrinsic responsivity of 764 V/W and NEP of 34 pW Hz -1/2 at room temperature.
  • Observed no cutoff frequency up to 0.45 THz, indicating broad bandwidth detection.
  • Demonstrated a linear response over three orders of magnitude of input power due to zero threshold voltage and high saturation current.
  • Successfully imaged an optically opaque object at 0.685 THz.

Conclusions:

  • The graphene ballistic rectifier rectenna is a promising THz detector with excellent performance at room temperature.
  • The device's tunable Fermi level and broad bandwidth make it suitable for various THz sensing and imaging applications.
  • Potential applications include medical diagnostics and security screening using THz imaging.