CRISPR/Cas9-mediated noncoding RNA editing in human cancers

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Molecular Biology
• Oncology

Background:

• Cancer involves genetic and epigenetic changes, with noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulating cancer genes.
• The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful genome-editing tool with potential in ncRNA-based cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the CRISPR/Cas9 system's classifications, mechanisms, and applications in editing ncRNAs for cancer therapy.
• To discuss novel CRISPR/Cas9-based techniques, off-target effects, and challenges in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of CRISPR/Cas9 system classifications and mechanisms.
• Focus on CRISPR/Cas9 applications for editing microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs in cancers.
• Evaluation of off-target effects and solutions.

Main Results:

• CRISPR/Cas9 system provides a versatile tool for precise ncRNA editing in cancer research.
• Novel techniques based on CRISPR/Cas9 are emerging for therapeutic applications.
• Understanding and mitigating off-target effects are crucial for clinical translation.

Conclusions:

• CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ncRNA editing represents a promising strategy for precision oncology.
• This technology holds potential for developing novel cancer therapies targeting long and short ncRNAs.