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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach
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Changing perspectives in atopic dermatitis.

E Serra-Baldrich1, J O de Frutos2, I Jáuregui3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Hospital Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain.

Allergologia Et Immunopathologia
|October 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex skin disease influenced by genetics and environment. This review covers new diagnostic tools, disease mechanisms, and treatments for adult atopic dermatitis.

Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisAtopic eczemaBiological drugsSkin barrier

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex skin condition involving immune system interactions, influenced by genetics and environmental factors.
  • Rising AD prevalence globally may be linked to lifestyle changes, including hygiene, diet, and allergen exposure.
  • While often a childhood disease, AD frequently persists into adulthood or appears de novo, posing diagnostic and treatment challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in diagnosing atopic dermatitis.
  • To explore current understanding of the mechanistic basis of AD.
  • To highlight therapeutic innovations for managing adult AD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on atopic dermatitis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic tools and mechanistic insights.
  • Evaluation of emerging therapeutic strategies for adult AD.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding AD's genetic and environmental underpinnings.
  • Development of novel diagnostic approaches for AD.
  • Emergence of highly effective treatments for moderate to severe adult AD.

Conclusions:

  • Adult atopic dermatitis is often underdiagnosed and challenging to treat.
  • Recent breakthroughs offer improved diagnostic capabilities and effective therapeutic options.
  • Continued research into AD mechanisms and treatments is crucial for patient care.