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Related Experiment Videos

Dietary patterns and cognition in older persons.

Angela M Abbatecola1, Marcello Russo1, Michelangela Barbieri2

  • 1Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) di Frosinone, Alzheimer's Disease Clinic Department, Frosinone.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|October 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Specific diets like the Mediterranean (Med) diet, DASH, and MIND may prevent cognitive decline and dementia in aging individuals. These multinutrient approaches show promise for neuroprotection, outperforming single nutrient interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutrition Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment and dementia are significant concerns in aging populations.
  • Dietary patterns are increasingly recognized as modifiable risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent evidence on the role of specific dietary patterns in preventing age-related cognitive impairment and dementia.
  • To highlight the potential of neuroprotective diets in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recently published epidemiological studies and clinical trials.
  • Analysis of evidence linking dietary patterns to cognitive health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Dietary patterns targeting cardiovascular risk factors, such as the Mediterranean (Med) diet, DASH, and MIND diets, are associated with reduced risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.

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  • Multinutrient dietary approaches appear more effective than single nutrient interventions.
  • One randomized clinical trial (PREDIMED) demonstrated improved cognitive performance with a Med diet.

    • Conclusions:

    • Nutrition is a crucial, modifiable factor for preventing and delaying dementia onset.
    • Evidence supports further investigation of neuroprotective dietary patterns in randomized clinical trials.
    • The Med diet, DASH, and MIND diets warrant continued research for their impact on cognitive performance in older adults.