Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

EEG-based biomarker for the identification of mild cognitive impairment via coherency analysis and iterative dynamic time warping.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

The effectiveness of Chuna manual therapy based on radiographic malposition diagnosis in patients with non-acute low back pain: A study protocol for a randomized, assessor-blind, parallel-group, controlled trial.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Renoprotective effects of synthetic bilirubin nanomedicine against ischemia-reperfusion injury after kidney transplantation.

Clinical science (London, England : 1979)·2026

Same author

EEG dataset of consumer- and research-grade systems.

Scientific data·2026

Same author

A comprehensive evaluation framework for consumer-grade EEG devices: signal quality, robustness, and usability.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Altered temporal dynamics of prefrontal ERP responses reflecting neural adaptation in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Alzheimer's research & therapy·2026

Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Universal phase-only spatial light modulators.

Minho Choi, Jaewu Choi

|October 19, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Universal phase-only spatial light modulators (UP-SLMs) are demonstrated, offering a new way to control light phase. These devices work with various materials and light types, impacting optics and quantum technologies.

More Related Videos

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Published on: March 19, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Published on: March 19, 2016

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Materials Science

Background:

Spatial light modulators (SLMs) are crucial for manipulating light.
Existing SLMs often have limitations in polarization control and material compatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and demonstrate Universal phase-only spatial light modulators (UP-SLMs).
To overcome limitations of conventional SLMs by enabling universal phase modulation.
To explore applications in diverse fields of optics and quantum technology.

Main Methods:

Designing UP-SLMs using unitarily coupled electrically controllable wave plates.
Utilizing electrically tunable birefringence materials, such as liquid crystals (LCs).
Experimental validation using commercial LCD panels.

Main Results:

Demonstrated UP-SLMs convert anisotropic properties into an effective isotropic phase plate.
UP-SLMs are compatible with various uniaxial anisotropic materials, LC cell modes, and incident light polarizations.
Successful experimental demonstration even with low-symmetry commercial LCD panels.

Conclusions:

UP-SLMs offer a universal approach to phase-only modulation.
These devices are versatile and can be realized with readily available materials.
UP-SLMs hold significant potential for advancements in wave optics, communications, holography, and quantum information technology.