Statistical properties of rectangular cusped random beams propagating in oceanic turbulence.

Area of Science:

• Optical physics
• Ocean optics
• Wave propagation

Background:

• Fractional multi-Gaussian Schell-model beams, also known as rectangular cusped random beams, are important in optical physics.
• Understanding beam propagation in turbulent media like oceanic environments is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To derive the analytical formula for the cross-spectral density function of rectangular cusped random beams in oceanic turbulence.
• To investigate the statistical properties, including spectral density and spectral degree of coherence, of these beams during propagation.

Main Methods:

• Derivation of the analytical formula for cross-spectral density.
• Analysis of spectral density and spectral degree of coherence under different turbulence conditions.

Main Results:

• Rectangular cusped beams maintain their profile in weak oceanic turbulence, similar to free space propagation.
• In strong turbulence or at long distances, the beam profile degrades, eventually becoming Gaussian.
• Smaller coherence lengths enhance the rectangular outline of the beams.
• Both spectral density and spectral degree of coherence are influenced by oceanic turbulence parameters.

Conclusions:

• The propagation characteristics of rectangular cusped beams are significantly affected by oceanic turbulence.
• The study provides insights into how beam shape and coherence evolve in complex underwater environments.
• Findings are relevant for optical communication and remote sensing in oceanic settings.