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The Postpartum Maternal and Newborn Microbiomes.

Abby D Mutic1, Sheila Jordan, Sara M Edwards

  • 1Abby D. Mutic is a Certified Nurse-Midwife, Doctoral Candidate, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. She can be reached via e-mail at abby.mutic@emory.edu Sheila Jordan is Pre-Doctoral Fellow, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Sara M. Edwards is PhD Candidate, Instructor, Laney Graduate School and Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Erin P. Ferranti is an Assistant Professor, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Taylor A. Thul is Doctoral Student, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Irene Yang is an Assistant Professor, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.

MCN. the American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing
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Summary

Changes to the maternal and newborn microbiome after birth can impact health. Nurses play a key role in promoting healthy microbiomes for mothers and infants, influencing long-term health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Maternal-Newborn Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Postnatal period brings significant biological and environmental shifts to maternal and newborn microbiomes.
  • Factors like sleep deprivation, diet, perineal injury, and infections disrupt microbial balance and gut-brain communication.
  • These disruptions can increase pathogen susceptibility and contribute to conditions like postpartum depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the factors influencing the rapidly changing postnatal microbiomes of mothers and newborns.
  • To highlight the critical role of maternal-newborn nurses in fostering healthy microbiomes.
  • To underscore the impact of these microbial changes on maternal-infant dyad health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on maternal and infant microbiome development.
  • Analysis of factors affecting microbial community composition post-birth.
  • Exploration of the nurse's role in microbiome management.

Main Results:

  • Postnatal changes in gut and skin microbiomes are rapid and influenced by birth mode, feeding, and infant care practices.
  • Maternal health issues (e.g., sleep, diet, infections) directly impact the mother-baby dyad's microbiome.
  • Disrupted gut-brain communication is linked to postpartum depression.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal-newborn nurses are pivotal in guiding mothers and infants toward healthy microbiome development.
  • Interventions promoting healthy microbiomes can positively influence immediate and long-term health for the mother-baby dyad.
  • Understanding microbiome dynamics is crucial for preventing adverse maternal and infant health outcomes.