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CANTOS Ushers in a New Calculus of Inflammasome Targeting for Vascular Protection-and Maybe More

Subodh Verma1, Lawrence A Leiter2, Deepak L Bhatt3

  • 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Cell Metabolism
|October 24, 2017
PubMed

Insights

The CANTOS trial demonstrated that targeting inflammation with canakinumab significantly reduced cardiovascular events. This study provides the first large-scale clinical evidence for anti-inflammatory therapy in preventing heart attacks and strokes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Inflammation Research
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Basic science strongly links inflammation to atherothrombosis.
  • Clinical evidence for anti-inflammatory drugs reducing cardiovascular events was previously limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cardiovascular benefits of targeting the inflammasome pathway.
  • To assess the impact of canakinumab on major adverse cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

  • The CANTOS trial was a large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
  • Participants with prior myocardial infarction and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein received canakinumab or placebo.

Main Results:

  • Canakinumab significantly reduced the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.
  • An unexpected significant reduction in lung cancer incidence and mortality was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting inflammasome-driven inflammation with canakinumab offers cardiovascular protection.
  • This approach may also have implications for cancer prevention, warranting further investigation.

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