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Glutamate Genetics in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review
Rageen Rajendram1, Sefi Kronenberg2,3, Christie L Burton4
1University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario.
Summary
Genetic variations in glutamate signaling are increasingly linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This suggests sustained glutamatergic neurotransmission may contribute to OCD
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and disabling condition characterized by obsessions, compulsions, and anxiety.
- While OCD is known to be highly heritable, specific genetic risk factors remain largely unidentified.
- Dysfunctional glutamate signaling within the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuitry is implicated in OCD pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent literature on the role of glutamate genes in the development of OCD.
- To explore the genetic underpinnings of glutamate signaling dysfunction in OCD.
Main Methods:
- Focused literature review of recent studies.
- Analysis of research on glutamate-related genes and proteins in OCD.
Main Results:
- Recent discoveries highlight the involvement of SAPAP (DLGAP) family, SLC1A1, and GRIN/GRIK protein families in OCD.
- Emerging evidence links genetic variations to impaired glutamate signaling in OCD patients.
Conclusions:
- Growing evidence supports a role for genetic variations leading to dysfunctional glutamate signaling in OCD.
- Hypothesis: Sustained glutamatergic neurotransmission in critical brain regions may contribute to the etiology of OCD.
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