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Neurosarcoidosis.

Patompong Ungprasert1, Eric L Matteson2

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 First Avenue Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.

Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
|October 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurosarcoidosis, a rare condition affecting 3-10% of sarcoidosis patients, commonly involves cranial nerves and meninges. Treatment often requires glucocorticoids and steroid-sparing agents due to frequent relapses.

Keywords:
Clinical manifestationImaging studyNeurosarcoidosisOutcomeSarcoidosisTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown cause.
  • Neurosarcoidosis affects 3% to 10% of sarcoidosis patients.
  • Neurologic manifestations are diverse, impacting any part of the nervous system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key aspects of neurosarcoidosis.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical manifestations.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria.
  • Overview of treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Cranial neuropathy and meningeal involvement are most common.
  • Definitive diagnosis requires noncaseating granuloma, often difficult to obtain.
  • Glucocorticoids are primary therapy; relapses necessitate steroid-sparing agents.

Conclusions:

  • Neurosarcoidosis presents with varied neurological symptoms.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging without definitive histopathology.
  • Management requires careful titration of glucocorticoids and often immunosuppressive therapy.