Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

5.6K
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
5.6K
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

28.2K
Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
28.2K
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

9.6K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
9.6K
From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

23.1K
The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
23.1K
Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

194.8K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
194.8K
Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

51.0K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
51.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sample processing methods affect salivary metabolomics in human exercise-stress studies.

Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society·2026
Same author

International multisite implementation of distributed cell-free protein biomanufacturing to advance health and research equity.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Automated Assembly of Programmable RNA-Based Sensors.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same author

Toehold-VISTA: a machine learning approach to decipher programmable RNA sensor-target interactions.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Information Theory-Guided Detection of Biomarkers Using Programmable Aptamer Arrays.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

pH-responsive synthetic cells for controlled protein synthesis and release.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

4.9K

Engineering nucleic acid structures for programmable molecular circuitry and intracellular biocomputation.

Jiang Li1, Alexander A Green2, Hao Yan2

  • 1Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.

Nature Chemistry
|October 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

DNA/RNA nanotechnology enables custom nanoscale structures for synthetic biology. This review explores current applications in live cells and future directions for molecular circuitry.

More Related Videos

Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami
07:59

Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

Published on: December 3, 2015

15.1K
Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

15.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 20, 2026

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

4.9K
Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami
07:59

Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

Published on: December 3, 2015

15.1K
Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

15.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) offer simple design for nanoscale structures with programmable functions.
  • DNA/RNA nanotechnology presents significant opportunities for in-cell and in-vivo applications.
  • This technology is crucial for advancing the field of synthetic biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current capabilities of DNA/RNA nanotechnology for applications in live cells.
  • To identify key challenges hindering the full exploitation of nucleic acid nanostructures.
  • To propose future integration strategies for DNA/RNA nanotechnology in synthetic biology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of DNA/RNA nanotechnology applications.
  • Analysis of current successes and limitations in cellular and in-vivo contexts.
  • Discussion of integration with emerging technologies for molecular circuitry.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated potential of nucleic acid nanostructures for physiological functions within cells and in vivo.
  • Identified challenges in fully realizing the utility of these nanostructures.
  • Outlined pathways for constructing nucleic acid nanostructure-based molecular circuitry.

Conclusions:

  • DNA/RNA nanotechnology is a powerful tool for synthetic biology with demonstrated in-cell and in-vivo applications.
  • Overcoming current challenges is essential for widespread adoption and advanced functionalities.
  • Integration with new technologies will enable sophisticated molecular circuitry for synthetic biology.