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Characterizing Helicobacter pylori cagA in Myanmar
Thein Myint1, Muhammad Miftahussurur2,3,4, Ratha-Korn Vilaichone5
1Department of Gastroenterology, Yangon General Hospital, University of Medicine (1), Yangon, Myanmar, Japan.
Gut and Liver
|October 27, 2017
Summary
Western-type Helicobacter pylori cagA, particularly EPIYA-C segments and CM motifs, was prevalent in Myanmar. This may partially explain the region's intermediate gastric cancer risk, despite similar infection rates.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
Background:
- Gastric cancer incidence varies significantly across Southeast Asia.
- Helicobacter pylori infection rates alone do not fully explain these variations.
- The cagA virulence gene of H. pylori is a key factor in gastric carcinogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the cagA gene in H. pylori strains from Myanmar.
- To investigate the association between cagA genotypes and gastric pathology.
- To explore the role of EPIYA patterns and CM motifs in gastric cancer risk.
Main Methods:
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were used to analyze H. pylori strains.
- Glutamate-proline-isoleucine-tyrosine-alanine (EPIYA) patterns were identified.
- CagA multimerization (CM) motifs were examined.
Main Results:
- CagA-positive H. pylori strains were associated with more severe antrum histological scores.
- Western-type cagA, featuring EPIYA or EPIYT motifs, was predominant (94.1%).
- Specific EPIYA patterns (ABC, ABCC) and CM motifs correlated with higher intestinal metaplasia and inflammation scores.
Conclusions:
- Western-type cagA is prevalent in Myanmar H. pylori strains.
- The specific EPIYA-C segments and CM motifs may contribute to Myanmar's intermediate gastric cancer risk.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay of H. pylori virulence factors and gastric cancer.
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