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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

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Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
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Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Juvenile Landrace Swine: A LVAD Implantation Model of Pediatric Heart Failure
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Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Juvenile Landrace Swine: A LVAD Implantation Model of Pediatric Heart Failure

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Left Ventricular Assist Devices and the Kidney.

Daniel W Ross1, Gerin R Stevens2, Rimda Wanchoo1

  • 1Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
|October 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) improve kidney function in some heart failure patients, but chronic kidney disease (CKD) reversibility is unpredictable. Long-term effects of LVADs on kidney function require further study.

Keywords:
Acute Kidney InjuryCardio-Renal SyndromeChronicHeart TransplantationHeart-Assist DevicesHumansIncidenceLVADRenal InsufficiencyRenal Replacement Therapycardiorenalcardiovascular diseasecongestive heart failureglomerular filtration ratekidney

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are increasingly used for advanced heart failure.
  • LVAD implantation carries risks, including acute kidney injury (AKI).
  • Cardiorenal syndrome and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in heart failure patients may improve post-LVAD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of LVADs on glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
  • To discuss the incidence and mortality of AKI after LVAD placement.
  • To examine the management of AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) and cardiorenal syndrome insights from LVADs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on LVADs and kidney function.
  • Analysis of GFR changes, AKI incidence, and mortality.
  • Discussion of cardiorenal syndrome in the context of LVAD therapy.

Main Results:

  • GFR may increase significantly post-LVAD but can return to baseline or decline late.
  • AKI incidence and associated mortality are significant concerns.
  • CKD reversibility post-LVAD is difficult to predict.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding LVADs' long-term effects on kidney function is crucial, especially for destination therapy.
  • Further research and long-term data are needed to clarify the LVAD-kidney relationship.
  • LVADs offer potential benefits for cardiorenal syndrome but require careful monitoring.