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Redox Reactions01:24

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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
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A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
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Redox Titration: Other Oxidizing and Reducing Agents01:26

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Besides iodine, other oxidizing or reducing agents can serve as titrants in redox titrations. Common oxidizing titrants include KMnO4, cerium(IV), and K2Cr2O7. The choice of oxidizing titrants depends on factors like stability, cost, analyte strength, and reaction rate between the analyte and titrant. KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing titrant that reduces from Mn(VII) to Mn(II) in a highly acidic solution, simultaneously oxidizing the analyte to a higher oxidation state. In this case, KMnO4 acts as a...
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Redox titration is a chemical analysis technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown substance by measuring the electron transfer in a redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction. The process involves gradually adding a titrant with a known concentration of an oxidizing or reducing agent, to the analyte, the solution with an unknown concentration, until reaching the endpoint, which indicates the completion of the reaction between the two substances. Ensuring the analyte is in a single...
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Electrochemistry is the science involved in the interconversion of electrical and chemical reactions. Such reactions are called reduction-oxidation, or redox reactions. These important reactions are defined by changes in oxidation states for one or more reactant elements and include a subset of reactions involving the transfer of electrons between reactant species. Electrochemistry as a field has evolved to yield sufficient insights on the fundamental principles of redox chemistry and multiple...
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CO2 and Redox Dual Responsive Pickering Emulsion.

Yongmin Zhang1, Shuang Guo1, Xiaofei Ren1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|October 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel dual-responsive Pickering emulsion. Modified silica nanoparticles with Se-containing tertiary amine (SeTA) enable intelligent control over emulsification and demulsification using CO2 and redox stimuli.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Colloid and Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Pickering emulsions offer unique properties but often lack responsiveness.
  • Developing stimuli-responsive emulsions is crucial for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a CO2 and redox dual-responsive Pickering emulsion.
  • To investigate the stabilization mechanism using modified silica nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of silica nanoparticles modified with Se-containing tertiary amine (SeTA).
  • Preparation and characterization of paraffin oil-in-water Pickering emulsions.
  • Investigation of responsiveness to CO2 and redox agents (H2O2/Na2SO3).

Main Results:

  • The Pickering emulsion exhibits reversible switching between stable and unstable states triggered by CO2 and redox stimuli.
  • CO2 responsiveness is attributed to CO2-controllable electrostatic attraction.
  • Redox responsiveness is linked to redox-tunable hydrogen bonding.
  • In the presence of CO2, redox stimuli only affect droplet size, not demulsification.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SeTA-modified silica nanoparticles enable intelligent control over Pickering emulsion stability and droplet size.
  • This multiresponsive emulsion holds potential for applications in biomedicine, microfluidics, drug delivery, and cosmetics.