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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
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MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

Published on: February 6, 2017

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MicroRNA.

Thomas X Lu1, Marc E Rothenberg2

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Ill.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|October 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression with potential in allergy diagnostics and therapeutics. This review covers major technological platforms for miRNA analysis and manipulation, discussing their pros and cons.

Keywords:
AllergyCRISPRCRISPR/Cas9antagomiRsantimiRsgene silencingin situ hybridizationmiRNAmiRNA expressionmiRNA inhibitorsmiRNA isolationmiRNA mimicsmiRNA profilingmiRNA quantitationmiRNA targetsmicroRNAmicroRNA methodsmicroarrayqPCRstem-loop

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Expanding research in allergy highlights miRNAs' role in gene regulation and as potential biomarkers.
  • miRNA-based therapeutics, including mimics and inhibitors, show promise in preclinical studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review major technological platforms for miRNA analysis and manipulation.
  • To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technological platform.
  • To provide insights into the current landscape of miRNA research technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on miRNA technological platforms.
  • Analysis of platforms for miRNA isolation, quantitation, and profiling.
  • Evaluation of technologies for miRNA target detection and modulation in vitro and in vivo.

Main Results:

  • Multiple technological platforms exist for various aspects of miRNA research.
  • Each platform offers distinct advantages and disadvantages regarding sensitivity, specificity, cost, and throughput.
  • Technological advancements are crucial for developing miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics.

Conclusions:

  • Technological platforms are essential for advancing miRNA research in allergy.
  • Understanding platform capabilities is key to selecting appropriate tools for specific research questions.
  • Continued innovation in miRNA technology will facilitate biomarker discovery and therapeutic development.