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Microelectrode array-induced neuronal alignment directs neurite outgrowth: analysis using a fast Fourier transform

Viktorija Radotić1, Dries Braeken2, Damir Kovačić3

  • 1Speech and Hearing Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.

European Biophysics Journal : EBJ
|October 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Microelectrode arrays with micro-patterned surfaces guide spiral ganglion neuron growth. This substrate topography directs neurite outgrowth, enabling improved neural recording and stimulation for auditory applications.

Keywords:
AlignmentCMOS chipFast Fourier transformationSpiral ganglion neurons

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Bioengineering

Background:

  • Substrate topography influences neuronal adhesion and neurite outgrowth.
  • Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are crucial for neural interfacing.
  • Spiral ganglion neurons are key to auditory function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of micro-patterned complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chips on neurite growth direction in spiral ganglion neurons.
  • To assess the potential of CMOS substrates for neural tissue engineering and auditory MEA development.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and in vitro culture of spiral ganglion neurons from rat pups (1 and 4 days in vitro).
  • Utilizing isotropic CMOS chips as microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for culturing neurons.
  • Employing fast Fourier transformation (FFT) to analyze neurite alignment and orientation.

Main Results:

  • Neurons cultured on CMOS chips exhibited neurite orientation along specific axes (30°, 90°, 150°).
  • Neurites aligned in straight paths between substrate pillars, predominantly following a single direction with occasional perpendicular branching.
  • Demonstrated guided neurite growth towards electrodes on the micro-patterned surface.

Conclusions:

  • CMOS substrate topography effectively guides spiral ganglion neuron outgrowth towards electrodes.
  • The structured pillar organization facilitates directed neurite growth for enhanced neural interfacing.
  • This approach holds promise for developing next-generation MEAs for auditory neuron stimulation and monitoring.