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Related Experiment Video

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Loneliness, health and mortality.

J Henriksen1, E R Larsen2, C Mattisson3

  • 1Psychiatric Research Academy,Department of Affective Disorders,Aarhus University Hospital,Skovagervej 2, 8240 Risskov,Denmark.

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|October 31, 2017
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Loneliness is linked to a higher mortality risk in adults. However, this study found that lonely males had a decreased risk of death, suggesting potential gender differences in loneliness

Keywords:
Community mental healthprospective studysocial networksocial support

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology
  • Psychosocial Factors in Health

Background:

  • Loneliness is a recognized psychosocial factor associated with increased mortality risk in adults.
  • Existing research indicates a general link between loneliness and mortality, but long-term, gender-specific analyses require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between loneliness and mortality in a Swedish adult population over an extended follow-up period.
  • To examine potential gender differences in the relationship between loneliness and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A community-based prospective cohort study involving 1363 adult Swedes from the Lundby Study.
  • Participants were interviewed in 1997 to identify loneliness (n=296).
  • Survival analyses were conducted over a follow-up period until 2011 to estimate mortality risk.

Main Results:

  • The incidence rate of death was higher in lonely individuals (2.63 per 100 person-years) compared to non-lonely individuals (2.09 per 100 person-years).
  • Overall, loneliness was associated with a 27% increased mortality risk (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.27).
  • Gender-specific analysis revealed a significant increased mortality risk for lonely females (unadjusted HR 1.76) but a significant decreased mortality risk for lonely males (adjusted HR 0.50).

Conclusions:

  • Loneliness is associated with an increased risk of mortality, with notable gender differences observed.
  • The findings suggest that loneliness may have differential physical health implications based on gender.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the influence of gender on the loneliness-mortality relationship.