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Related Concept Videos

Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

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The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across  two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
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The Antenna Complex01:15

The Antenna Complex

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Plants and other photosynthetic organisms comprise pigments capable of absorption of direct sunlight. These pigments are present in the reaction center - the main site of photochemical reactions as well as in the antenna complex. Under average light conditions, the rate at which reaction center pigments absorb light is far below the electron transport chain's capacity. As a result, the reaction center alone cannot provide enough energy to drive photosynthesis. The photosynthetic efficiency can...
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The Photochemical Reaction Center01:29

The Photochemical Reaction Center

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Reaction centers are pigment-protein complexes that initiate energy conversion from photons to chemical entities. Therefore, photochemical reaction center is a more appropriate term that describes these complexes. The Nobel laureates Robert Emerson and William Arnold provided the first experimental evidence of photochemical reaction centers by demonstrating the participation of nearly 2,500 chlorophyll molecules for the release of just one molecule of oxygen. Despite thousands of photosynthetic...
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Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

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Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
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The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
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Photosystem I01:27

Photosystem I

70.3K
Although structurally similar to photosystem II (PSII), photosystem I (PSI) is has a different electron supplier and electron acceptor.
Both these photosystems work in concert. An excited electron from PSII is relayed to PSI via an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, which is comprised of the carrier molecule plastoquinone, the dual-protein cytochrome complex, and plastocyanin. As electrons move between PSII and PSI, they lose energy and must be re-energized...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting
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Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting

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Environment-Assisted Quantum Coherence in Photosynthetic Complex.

Rajesh Dutta1, Biman Bagchi1

  • 1SSCU, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India.

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Quantum coherence, crucial for efficient energy transfer in biological systems like the FMO complex, can be surprisingly enhanced by environmental fluctuations, challenging traditional assumptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum biology
  • Photosynthesis
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Quantum coherence has been observed in biological systems, such as the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) complex, and plays a role in efficient energy transfer.
  • Quantum transport in systems like conjugated polymers also exhibits coherence.
  • Most theoretical models use a Markovian approximation, neglecting temporal correlations in bath fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of correlated non-Markovian bath fluctuations on quantum coherence and energy transfer.
  • To explore how environmental noise affects quantum transport in biological and synthetic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a nonperturbative method based on Kubo's quantum stochastic Liouville equation (QSLE).
  • Studied the effects of correlated non-Markovian bath fluctuations in various limits.

Main Results:

  • Environmental fluctuations can both destroy and facilitate quantum coherence under specific conditions.
  • Temperature significantly influences the transition from coherent to incoherent energy transfer in the intermediate coupling regime.

Conclusions:

  • Correlated non-Markovian bath dynamics are crucial for accurately describing quantum transport.
  • Environmental noise is not always detrimental to quantum coherence and can, in fact, be beneficial.