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The Fatty Acid Profile in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes: Why It Could Be Unsuspected

C Castro-Correia1, S Sousa2, S Norberto3

  • 1Unidade de Endocrinologia Pediátrica, Hospital Pediátrico Integrado, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200 Porto, Portugal.

International Journal of Pediatrics
|November 1, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes have higher omega-3 fatty acids. This highlights the importance of early nutritional interventions for managing childhood diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Inflammation is linked to fatty acid levels and various diseases, including diabetes.
  • Specific fatty acid profiles may be altered in inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare plasma fatty acid profiles in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, those diagnosed over a year prior, and healthy controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between fatty acid composition and type 1 diabetes in prepubescent children.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma fatty acid profiles were analyzed in three groups: prepubescent children with inaugural diabetes, prepubescent children with non-inaugural diabetes (diagnosed >1 year prior), and healthy prepubescent controls.
  • All participants had a Body Mass Index (BMI) below the 85th percentile.

Main Results:

  • Children with recently diagnosed diabetes exhibited higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids compared to controls.
  • The omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio was higher in the control group.
  • Non-recently diagnosed diabetic children showed elevated omega-6 fatty acid levels compared to both recently diagnosed diabetic children and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic children demonstrated increased levels of alpha-linolenic acid, EPA, DHA, and other unsaturated fatty acids.
  • These findings underscore the critical role of early nutritional assessment and intervention in the comprehensive management of type 1 diabetes in children.
Abstract

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