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Negative pressure ventilation. Effects on ventilation during sleep in normal subjects
R D Levy1, T D Bradley, S L Newman
1Desmond N. Stoker Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Chest
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Negative pressure ventilation (NPV) can cause sleep apnea and reduce sleep quality in healthy individuals. This study found increased breathing pauses during sleep when using NPV.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Physiology
Background:
- Negative pressure ventilation (NPV) is a non-invasive method for respiratory support.
- It is utilized for conditions like neuromuscular disorders, thoracic deformities, and chronic airflow limitation.
- The impact of NPV on upper airway obstruction during sleep requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential for negative pressure ventilation (NPV) to induce upper airway obstruction during sleep.
- To assess the effects of nocturnal NPV on sleep quality in normal subjects.
Main Methods:
- A controlled study involving five healthy participants over two consecutive nights.
- The first night served as a baseline control, while the second night involved NPV administration.
- Ventilator settings were adjusted to achieve a 50% reduction in the peak phasic diaphragm electromyogram signal.
Main Results:
- All subjects experienced an increase in the total number of apneas and hypopneas per hour during NPV use.
- A trend towards decreased sleep efficiency and increased sleep fragmentation was observed.
- Alterations in sleep architecture were noted in subjects undergoing NPV.
Conclusions:
- Nocturnal negative pressure ventilation (NPV) can induce sleep-related breathing disturbances, including sleep apnea.
- NPV may impair overall sleep quality even in healthy individuals.
- Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms and clinical implications of NPV-induced sleep disturbances.