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Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
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P-N junction

P-N junction

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

Insulating Josephson Junction Chains as Pinned Luttinger Liquids.

Karin Cedergren¹, Roger Ackroyd¹, Sergey Kafanov¹

¹Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQuS), School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.

Physical Review Letters

|November 4, 2017

Summary

Disordered Josephson junction chains realize a Bose glass state, validating quantum many-body theory. This finding impacts the development of novel quantum devices and a fundamental current standard.

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Quantum physics

Background:

One-dimensional quantum systems exhibit rich physics, often described by Luttinger liquid theory.
Theoretical proposals for Josephson junction chains exist, but experimental realization is limited, especially concerning disorder effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally investigate the role of disorder in linear chains of Josephson junctions.
To establish the nature of the insulating state in these systems and its theoretical underpinnings.

Main Methods:

Fabrication and characterization of submicron Josephson junction chains.
Experimental measurement of the insulating state properties.

Main Results:

The insulating state is identified as a Luttinger liquid pinned by random offset charges.
This system serves as a one-dimensional implementation of the Bose glass.
The results validate quantum many-body theory for disordered one-dimensional systems.

Conclusions:

Disorder in Josephson junction chains leads to a Bose glass state, confirming theoretical predictions.
This understanding is crucial for advancing quantum phase slip-based current standards and novel quantum devices.