Overexpression of dJmj differentially affects intestinal stem cells and differentiated enterocytes

Jumonji (Jmj)/Jarid2 is a DNA-binding transcriptional repressor mediated via histone methylation. Nevertheless, the well-known function of Jmj is as a scaffold for the recruitment of various complexes including Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), and required for mouse embryonic stem cell development. However, PRC2 independent function is suggested for Drosophila Jumonji (dJmj). To clarify the function of dJmj during cell differentiation, we used Drosophila adult intestinal stem cell system that allows to follow stem cell behaviors in vivo. Overexpression of dJmj in intestinal stem cells/enteroblasts (ISCs/EBs) induces cell-autonomous ISC proliferation followed by differentiation, that is controlled by the Notch and EGFR pathway. In contrast, overexpression of dJmj in enterocytes (ECs) resulted in activation of the JNK pathway in ECs followed by the induction of apoptosis. Activated JNK increased the level of Yorkie in ECs and induced the reduction of Upd proteins and EGFR ligands, which activated the JAK/STAT and EGFR pathway in both ISCs and EBs to promote ISC proliferation. The Notch signaling pathway appears to be highly activated to support the differentiation of EBs to ECs. Thus, the combination of these signaling pathways caused by ECs-specific dJmj-overexpression induced non-cell-autonomous ISC proliferation and differentiation. Surprisingly, these effects did not relate to H3K27me3 status, likely represented PRC2 activity, in cells that overexpressed dJmj. Instead of this, the disappearance of H3K27me3 in ISC/EB-specific overexpressed dJmj suggested a possible PRC2-independent role of dJmj in regulating chromatin structure.