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Effective Analysis of Human Exposure Conditions with Body-worn Dosimeters in the 2.4 GHz Band
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Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields from medical sources.

Rianne Stam1, Sachiko Yamaguchi-Sekino2

  • 1National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, the Netherlands.

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Hospital workers may face high electromagnetic field (EMF) exposures from medical devices. This study assessed occupational EMF exposure, identifying risks near MRI, magnetic stimulation, diathermy, electrosurgery, and hyperthermia equipment.

Keywords:
Electromagnetic fieldsExposureHospitalMagnetic resonance imagingOccupational

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health and Safety
  • Medical Physics
  • Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposure Assessment

Background:

  • Medical devices generate electromagnetic fields (EMF) that can pose risks to healthcare workers.
  • Understanding occupational EMF exposure is crucial for implementing effective safety measures in hospitals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically assess occupational EMF exposure levels for hospital workers.
  • To identify specific medical devices associated with high EMF exposure.
  • To compare measured EMF data against European Union occupational exposure limits.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed and Scopus databases.
  • Collected relevant grey literature through web searches.
  • Extracted highest measured magnetic flux density or electric field strength and main frequency for each device.

Main Results:

  • High action levels for low-frequency fields may be exceeded near magnetic stimulation devices, MRI gradient fields, and during movement in MRI static fields.
  • Radiofrequency field action levels may be exceeded near diathermy, electrosurgery, and hyperthermia devices, and within MRI scanners.
  • Exposure limit values for internal electric fields might be exceeded for MRI and magnetic stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Practical measures can effectively limit worker exposure to EMF from MRI and magnetic stimulation.
  • Further calculations are needed to assess Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) limits for diathermy, electrosurgery, and hyperthermia devices.