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Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
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Pneumocephalus Presenting as Sudden Thunderclap Headache.

Vivek S Guleria1, Ajay Sharma1, Chetan Sharda1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Military Hospital, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Asian Journal of Neurosurgery
|November 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Pneumocephalus, or gas in the brain, is rare. This case highlights an extremely uncommon instance of pneumocephalus developing secondary to chronic otitis media in a 70-year-old male.

Keywords:
Pneumocephalussubarachnoid hemorrhagethunderclap headache

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pneumocephalus is a rare condition involving gas in the cranial cavity.
  • Causes include trauma, tumors, surgery, or infection.
  • Pneumocephalus secondary to chronic otitis media is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old male with known chronic suppurative otitis media presented with sudden, severe thunderclap headache.
  • Diagnostic imaging confirmed the presence of intracranial gas.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with pneumocephalus.
  • The underlying cause was identified as chronic otitis media.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering otogenic causes for intracranial air, even when rare.
  • Highlights the need for thorough investigation in patients with otitis media and neurological symptoms.
  • Contributes to the limited literature on pneumocephalus secondary to chronic otitis media.