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Human anthocyanin bioavailability: effect of intake duration and dosing
Wilhelmina Kalt1, Jane E McDonald, Melinda R Vinqvist-Tymchuk
1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, 32 Main St, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada. kalt.willy@gmail.com.
Food & Function
|November 9, 2017
Summary
Anthocyanin excretion and retention varied significantly among individuals consuming blueberry juice. Dosing regimens impacted total and parent anthocyanin levels, informing future clinical trial designs for berry health benefits.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional biochemistry
- Human clinical nutrition
Background:
- In vitro and animal studies suggest anthocyanins offer health benefits.
- Clinical intervention trials are needed to confirm berry health benefits in humans.
- Limited data exists on anthocyanin behavior during long-term human intake.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine clinical design factors for anthocyanin research.
- To investigate anthocyanin behavior during long-term human intake.
- To assess the impact of dosing regimens on anthocyanin excretion and retention.
Main Methods:
- 17 volunteers consumed blueberry juice daily.
- Urine analysis using LC-MS/MS for anthocyanin metabolites.
- Study included a 5-day run-in, 28-day intake, and 7-day washout.
- Two dosing regimens (once daily vs. thrice daily) were compared.
Main Results:
- Significant 10-fold variation in urinary anthocyanin content among participants.
- High 24-hour total anthocyanin excretion correlated with high baseline retention.
- Urinary anthocyanin excretion declined over the 36-day study.
- Once-daily dosing increased total anthocyanin excretion but not parent anthocyanins compared to thrice-daily dosing.
- Parent anthocyanins showed better retention with once-daily dosing.
Conclusions:
- Individual variability in anthocyanin metabolism is substantial.
- Dosing frequency influences anthocyanin excretion and retention.
- Findings provide insights for designing future clinical trials on anthocyanins and health.
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