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Divergent Thinking in Parkinsonism: A Case-Control Study.

Margherita Canesi1, Maria Luisa Rusconi2, Emanuele Cereda3

  • 1Parkinson Institute, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy.

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Summary

Patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) show impaired creativity, specifically in divergent thinking, compared to other parkinsonian syndromes and healthy individuals. This suggests frontal lobe dysfunction impacts creative abilities.

Keywords:
Parkinson’s diseaseTorrance testcreativitydivergent thinkingmultiple system atrophyparkinsonismprogressive supranuclear palsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Creativity is a complex human capacity involving multiple cognitive functions, particularly those associated with the prefrontal cortex.
  • Divergent thinking is a key measure of creativity and has been linked to frontal lobe functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare divergent thinking abilities in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) against other parkinsonian syndromes and healthy controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between frontal functioning and creativity in neurodegenerative diseases.

Main Methods:

  • The Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults (ATTA) was used to assess creativity.
  • Participants included PSP outpatients, patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD), and healthy controls (HCs).
  • Groups were matched for cognitive function, gender, education, and age, with PD patients matched by disease severity.

Main Results:

  • PSP patients exhibited significantly lower scores on the total ATTA and all its subscales compared to HCs, MSA, and PD patients.
  • No significant differences in creativity were observed between HCs and patients with MSA or PD.
  • PSP patients demonstrated more impaired frontal functioning, as measured by the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), than HCs and PD/MSA patients.

Conclusions:

  • Progressive supranuclear palsy is associated with significantly impaired creativity, as indicated by lower ATTA scores.
  • The findings support the crucial role of frontal lobe functions in creative processes.
  • Impaired frontal functioning in PSP correlates with reduced creative abilities.