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Task-dependent function of striatal cholinergic interneurons in behavioural flexibility.

Kana Okada1,2, Kayo Nishizawa3, Susumu Setogawa3

  • 1Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|November 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cholinergic interneurons in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) play distinct roles in behavioral flexibility. Their function depends on the type of discrimination and trial spacing during learning tasks.

Keywords:
intertrial intervalplace discriminationresponse discriminationreversal learningtransgenic rat

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Flexible switching of behaviors relies on the prefrontal cortex-dorsomedial striatum (DMS) neural circuit.
  • Cholinergic interneurons in the DMS modulate striatal outputs, but their role in behavioral flexibility is debated and appears context-dependent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific functions of DMS cholinergic interneurons in behavioral flexibility.
  • To determine how these functions are influenced by different learning conditions, including trial spacing and discrimination type.

Main Methods:

  • Immunotoxin-mediated cell targeting was used to eliminate DMS cholinergic interneurons.
  • Behavioral flexibility was assessed using a modified T-maze task with varying intertrial intervals (ITIs) and discrimination types (place vs. response).

Main Results:

  • Eliminating DMS cholinergic interneurons spared reversal learning in place discrimination (15s ITI) but impaired response discrimination (15s ITI).
  • DMS cholinergic elimination enhanced reversal performance in both place and response discrimination tasks with longer ITIs (10 min and 20 min).
  • These interneurons appear to inhibit reversal performance with longer ITIs and have context-dependent roles with shorter ITIs.

Conclusions:

  • DMS cholinergic interneurons exhibit distinct roles in behavioral flexibility.
  • Their function is critically dependent on the interplay between trial spacing and the type of discrimination required in the learning task.