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Related Concept Videos

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Evaluation of Stem Cell Properties in Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells Using Multi and Single Cell-based Spheres Assays
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Evaluation of Stem Cell Properties in Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells Using Multi and Single Cell-based Spheres Assays

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Ovarian stem cells-resolving controversies.

Deepa Bhartiya1, Hiren Patel2

  • 1Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India. deepa.bhartiya@yahoo.in.

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
|November 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ovarian stem cells (OSCs) exist in two distinct populations: very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) and larger progenitors. These cells are activated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and may play a role in ovarian cancer.

Keywords:
CancerMenopauseOvaryPluripotentStem cellsVSELs

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • The existence and nature of ovarian stem cells (OSCs) remain debated, with recent reviews overlooking distinct cell populations.
  • Two populations of stem cells have been reported in the ovary: 5-8 μm OSCs (Tilly's group) and 2-4 μm pluripotent OSCs (Virant-Klun's group).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address open questions regarding OSCs raised in a recent review.
  • To present evidence for two distinct ovarian stem/progenitor cell populations: very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) and tissue-committed OSCs.
  • To discuss the role of these cells in ovarian function, aging, and cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of existing literature on ovarian stem cells.
  • Identification and characterization of two distinct stem/progenitor cell populations in the ovary based on size and markers.
  • Investigation of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor expression and activation.

Main Results:

  • Our group identified two distinct OSC populations: VSELs (smaller than RBCs) and larger, tissue-committed OSCs, likely originating from VSELs.
  • Both VSELs and OSCs express FSH receptors and are activated by FSH.
  • VSELs demonstrate resilience to chemotherapy and maintain homeostasis, with dysfunction linked to senescence.

Conclusions:

  • Ovarian stem cells comprise at least two distinct populations with different properties.
  • FSH plays a crucial role in activating ovarian stem and progenitor cells.
  • Dysfunctional VSELs and their potential role in epithelial ovarian cancer warrant further investigation.