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Lymphedema: Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations
Ayman A Grada1, Tania J Phillips1
1Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|November 15, 2017
Summary
Lymphedema, a chronic swelling from impaired lymphatic drainage, significantly impacts quality of life. Early diagnosis and management can limit its progression, though a cure remains elusive.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Vascular Biology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Lymphedema is characterized by localized tissue swelling due to lymphatic fluid retention and impaired drainage.
- It is categorized as primary (congenital vascular anomalies) or secondary (acquired due to disease, trauma, or surgery).
- This chronic condition often mimics other causes of swelling, leading to misdiagnosis and impacting patient quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on lymphedema, focusing on its causes, classification, and management.
- To highlight the diagnostic challenges and implications of lymphedema on patient well-being.
- To synthesize current understanding of lymphedema for improved clinical awareness.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar (1966-2017).
- Inclusion of English-language publications using keywords: lymphedema, cancer-related lymphedema, and lymphatic complications.
- Manual review of relevant publications for additional resources.
Main Results:
- Lymphedema encompasses primary and secondary forms, each with distinct etiologies.
- Cancer-related lymphedema is a significant subtype requiring specific attention.
- The review underscores the progressive nature of the disease and its substantial impact on quality of life.
Conclusions:
- Lymphedema is a complex condition with no definitive cure, necessitating accurate diagnosis.
- Effective management strategies are crucial for limiting disease progression and potential complications.
- Improved understanding and diagnosis are vital for enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.
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