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RNA Splicing01:32

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
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Targeting splicing abnormalities in cancer.

Anant A Agrawal1, Lihua Yu1, Peter G Smith1

  • 1H3 Biomedicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|November 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aberrant splicing plays a key role in cancer. This review explores cancer-associated splicing factor mutations, their effects on splicing, and emerging spliceosome-targeted cancer therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Aberrant splicing is increasingly recognized as a significant factor in cancer development and progression.
  • The mechanisms linking aberrant splicing to cancer initiation and advancement are not fully elucidated.
  • Splicing alterations can arise from genetic mutations affecting splicing factors or regulatory sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the landscape of splicing factor mutations observed in various cancers.
  • To discuss the downstream splicing consequences resulting from these mutations.
  • To highlight current therapeutic strategies targeting the spliceosome in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on splicing factor mutations in cancer.
  • Analysis of reported splicing alterations and their functional impact.
  • Survey of ongoing clinical investigations into spliceosome-targeting drugs.

Main Results:

  • Splicing factors are frequently mutated across diverse cancer types.
  • These mutations lead to widespread changes in messenger RNA splicing patterns.
  • Several therapeutic agents targeting the spliceosome are under active investigation for cancer treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Mutations in splicing factors represent a critical aspect of cancer biology.
  • Understanding these mutations and their consequences is vital for developing novel cancer therapies.
  • Targeting the spliceosome offers a promising avenue for future oncological treatments.