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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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NONCODEV5: a comprehensive annotation database for long non-coding RNAs.

ShuangSang Fang1,2, LiLi Zhang2,3, JinCheng Guo1,4

  • 1Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computer Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The NONCODEv5 database now offers expanded annotations for non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), with new features for disease association and expression profiling.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The NONCODE database systematically collects and annotates non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), with a focus on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).
  • Recent advancements in sequencing technologies have led to a significant increase in identified ncRNA data.
  • Growing experimental evidence highlights the functional importance of lncRNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update and expand the NONCODE database with the latest ncRNA data and annotations.
  • To introduce novel features for enhanced data analysis and biological insights.
  • To improve the accessibility and utility of the NONCODE database for researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of newly identified ncRNAs from recent literature.
  • Incorporation of the latest versions of RefSeq and Ensembl databases.
  • Inclusion of pig as a new species, expanding the database's scope.
  • Application of third-generation sequencing for improved annotation accuracy.

Main Results:

  • The number of lncRNAs in NONCODEv5 increased to 548,640.
  • Three new features were introduced: human lncRNA-disease relationships, exosome lncRNA expression profiles, and predicted RNA secondary structures.
  • The database now covers 17 species, including the addition of pig.

Conclusions:

  • NONCODEv5 provides a comprehensive and updated resource for ncRNA research.
  • The new features enhance the understanding of lncRNA functions, disease associations, and expression patterns.
  • The expanded database facilitates further discoveries in the field of non-coding RNA biology.