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Physical activity and the environment: conceptual review and framework for intervention research
Jenna Panter1, Cornelia Guell2, Rick Prins2
1MRC Epidemiology Unit & Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), Box 285, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK. jenna.panter@mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk.
The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
|November 17, 2017
Summary
Environmental interventions can promote physical activity, but effectiveness evidence is mixed. This study synthesizes literature to clarify conceptual issues, offering a framework for better evaluation of health promotion strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Behavioral Science
- Transport Studies
Background:
- Evidence on environmental interventions for physical activity and health is inconsistent.
- Theoretical and conceptual issues in evaluative studies may explain mixed findings.
- This study addresses inconsistencies by synthesizing literature on wider conceptual issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically search and synthesize literature on conceptual issues in environmental interventions for physical activity.
- To advance intervention research by clarifying theoretical perspectives.
- To develop a more generalizable framework for understanding intervention effectiveness.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across multiple disciplines and databases.
- Inclusion of editorials, commentaries, reviews, and primary studies.
- Thematic analysis and configurative narrative synthesis of theoretical and conceptual material.
Main Results:
- 104 sources synthesized from an initial 2760.
- Identified five high-level conceptual themes: outcomes, exposures, context, mechanisms, and complex systems.
- Developed a more generalizable framework for understanding how environmental interventions work.
Conclusions:
- Environmental and policy interventions are socially embedded and operate within complex systems.
- Evaluators should acknowledge systems, context, and mechanisms in intervention studies.
- Highlighting conceptual issues can improve interpretation and application of evidence for policymakers.
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