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[Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction: epidemiology, physiopathology and management]
Fabienne Reinhard-Groebli1, Laurent P Nicod1
1Service de pneumologie, Département de médecine interne, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne.
Revue Medicale Suisse
|November 17, 2017
Summary
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is temporary airway narrowing during or after exercise, often due to airway cooling and drying. Eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation is the most accurate diagnostic test for EIB.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Pulmonology
- Respiratory Physiology
Background:
- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is transient airflow limitation during or after physical activity.
- It affects individuals regardless of age or training status.
- EIB is primarily caused by thermal and fluid losses from the bronchial mucosa due to hyperventilation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the understanding of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
- To highlight diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies for EIB.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
- Focus on diagnostic accuracy of bronchial provocation tests.
- Discussion of management approaches.
Main Results:
- Respiratory symptoms associated with EIB are variable and non-specific.
- Eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation demonstrates the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing EIB.
- Therapeutic management includes environmental and training adjustments, alongside bronchodilator use.
Conclusions:
- Eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation is the preferred diagnostic method for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
- Management strategies involve lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions.
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