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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants01:28

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that can reduce muscle stiffness and induce temporary paralysis to relieve pain. These agents can act centrally to reduce muscle tone or spasms in painful conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or spinal injuries; they are called antispasmodics or spasmolytics.
Peripherally acting skeletal muscle relaxants interfere with the neurotransmission at the neuromuscular end plate to induce paralysis during...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
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Spasmolytic Agents: Chemical Classification01:29

Spasmolytic Agents: Chemical Classification

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Spasmolytic agents are drugs used to alleviate muscle spasms and spasticity. They can be categorized into different chemical groups based on their mechanisms of action. Centrally acting spasmolytics primarily affect the spinal cord, while others directly target skeletal muscle cells.
A major class of centrally acting spasmolytics is the α2-agonist, such as tizanidine. These drugs bind to α2-adrenoceptors, inhibiting the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. They also...
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:24

Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

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Centrally acting muscle relaxants reduce muscle tone and tension by interfering with the postsynaptic reflexes in the central nervous system.
Centrally acting drugs are classified into spasmolytic and antispasmodic drugs. Spasmolytic drugs such as baclofen, diazepam, and tizanidine inhibit spinal motor neurons and decrease muscle tone. Spasmolytic drugs are administered for severe and chronic spasms due to multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, stroke, and spinal cord and muscle injuries. However,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Movement Observation in Cerebral Palsy
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Multiple sclerosis symptoms and spasticity management: new data.

Guillermo Izquierdo1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Avenida Doctor Fedriani, 3, 41009, Seville, Spain.

Neurodegenerative Disease Management
|November 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol (THC:CBD) oromucosal spray effectively treats multiple sclerosis (MS) spasticity. Real-world data confirm its safety and efficacy, improving patient function and quality of life.

Keywords:
THC:CBD oromucosal spraymultiple sclerosisspasticity management

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Spasticity is a prevalent and debilitating symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS), significantly impacting patient function and quality of life.
  • Current pharmacological treatments for MS spasticity are limited in efficacy and often associated with adherence challenges.
  • Muscle rigidity and spasms are key patient-reported experiences of spasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol (THC:CBD) oromucosal spray for managing MS spasticity.
  • To confirm the real-world effectiveness and tolerability of THC:CBD oromucosal spray in routine clinical practice.
  • To assess the impact of THC:CBD oromucosal spray on functional outcomes in patients with MS spasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Four Phase III clinical trials assessed the efficacy and safety of THC:CBD oromucosal spray.
  • Observational studies and registry data provided real-world evidence of treatment outcomes.
  • Gait parameters and muscle fiber normalization were key outcome measures.

Main Results:

  • THC:CBD oromucosal spray demonstrated significant efficacy and safety in treating MS spasticity across Phase III trials.
  • Real-world data corroborated the effectiveness and tolerability of the spray in everyday practice.
  • Responders to THC:CBD oromucosal spray showed improvements in gait and normalized muscle fibers.

Conclusions:

  • THC:CBD oromucosal spray is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for patients suffering from MS spasticity.
  • The spray offers a valuable therapeutic option addressing unmet needs in MS symptom management.
  • Positive effects on gait and muscle normalization contribute to improved functional capacity and quality of life for MS patients.